This March 2026 overview reviewed existing systematic reviews and clinical evidence on e-cigarettes for smoking cessation. The authors found that nicotine e-cigarettes generally showed higher six-month smoking cessation rates compared with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), non-nicotine e-cigarettes, behavioural support alone, or no support.
The review also examined safety data and found that evidence on serious adverse events remains inconclusive, with most analyses showing little or no clear difference between groups. Researchers noted important evidence gaps, including limited long-term safety data and a lack of studies from low- and middle-income countries. Overall, the paper concluded that current evidence supports nicotine e-cigarettes as a potentially effective smoking cessation aid for adults.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11785162/